Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market 2024 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2030

Description

According to our (Global Info Research) latest study, the global Textile Reclosable Fasteners market size was valued at USD 15150 million in 2023 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 20550 million by 2030 with a CAGR of 4.5% during review period.

Clothing Fastener are used to fasten clothing, such as hook and loop, snaps, buttons, Zippers etc.

Asia-Pacific is the largest consumption region, followed by North America and Europe.

The Global Info Research report includes an overview of the development of the Textile Reclosable Fasteners industry chain, the market status of Footwear and Apparel (Zippers, Buttons), Transportation (Zippers, Buttons), and key enterprises in developed and developing market, and analysed the cutting-edge technology, patent, hot applications and market trends of Textile Reclosable Fasteners.

Regionally, the report analyzes the Textile Reclosable Fasteners markets in key regions. North America and Europe are experiencing steady growth, driven by government initiatives and increasing consumer awareness. Asia-Pacific, particularly China, leads the global Textile Reclosable Fasteners market, with robust domestic demand, supportive policies, and a strong manufacturing base.

Key Features:
The report presents comprehensive understanding of the Textile Reclosable Fasteners market. It provides a holistic view of the industry, as well as detailed insights into individual components and stakeholders. The report analysis market dynamics, trends, challenges, and opportunities within the Textile Reclosable Fasteners industry.

The report involves analyzing the market at a macro level:
Market Sizing and Segmentation: Report collect data on the overall market size, including the sales quantity (Kiloton), revenue generated, and market share of different by Type (e.g., Zippers, Buttons).

Industry Analysis: Report analyse the broader industry trends, such as government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer preferences, and market dynamics. This analysis helps in understanding the key drivers and challenges influencing the Textile Reclosable Fasteners market.

Regional Analysis: The report involves examining the Textile Reclosable Fasteners market at a regional or national level. Report analyses regional factors such as government incentives, infrastructure development, economic conditions, and consumer behaviour to identify variations and opportunities within different markets.

Market Projections: Report covers the gathered data and analysis to make future projections and forecasts for the Textile Reclosable Fasteners market. This may include estimating market growth rates, predicting market demand, and identifying emerging trends.

The report also involves a more granular approach to Textile Reclosable Fasteners:
Company Analysis: Report covers individual Textile Reclosable Fasteners manufacturers, suppliers, and other relevant industry players. This analysis includes studying their financial performance, market positioning, product portfolios, partnerships, and strategies.

Consumer Analysis: Report covers data on consumer behaviour, preferences, and attitudes towards Textile Reclosable Fasteners This may involve surveys, interviews, and analysis of consumer reviews and feedback from different by Application (Footwear and Apparel, Transportation).

Technology Analysis: Report covers specific technologies relevant to Textile Reclosable Fasteners. It assesses the current state, advancements, and potential future developments in Textile Reclosable Fasteners areas.

Competitive Landscape: By analyzing individual companies, suppliers, and consumers, the report present insights into the competitive landscape of the Textile Reclosable Fasteners market. This analysis helps understand market share, competitive advantages, and potential areas for differentiation among industry players.

Market Validation: The report involves validating findings and projections through primary research, such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.

Market Segmentation
Textile Reclosable Fasteners market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2019-2030, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of volume and value.

Market segment by Type
    Zippers
    Buttons
    Snaps
    Others

Market segment by Application
    Footwear and Apparel
    Transportation
    Industrial Manufacturing
    Medical
    Other

Major players covered
    Velcro
    3M
    APLIX
    Kuraray Group
    YKK
    Paiho
    Jianli
    Heyi
    Binder
    Shingyi
    Lovetex
    Essentra Components
    HALCO
    Krahnen＆Gobbers
    Dunlap
    DirecTex
    Jieji
    ISHI-INDUSTRIES
    Tesa
    Magic Fastners
    Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd.

Market segment by region, regional analysis covers
    North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
    Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
    Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
    South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
    Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)

The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:
Chapter 1, to describe Textile Reclosable Fasteners product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Textile Reclosable Fasteners, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Textile Reclosable Fasteners from 2019 to 2024.
Chapter 3, the Textile Reclosable Fasteners competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the Textile Reclosable Fasteners breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2019 to 2030.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2019 to 2030.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2023.and Textile Reclosable Fasteners market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2025 to 2030.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends and Porters Five Forces analysis.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Textile Reclosable Fasteners.
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe Textile Reclosable Fasteners sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.

Table of Contents

1 Market Overview
    1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Textile Reclosable Fasteners
    1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
    1.3 Market Analysis by Type
        1.3.1 Overview: Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Type: 2019 Versus 2023 Versus 2030
        1.3.2 Zippers
        1.3.3 Buttons
        1.3.4 Snaps
        1.3.5 Others
    1.4 Market Analysis by Application
        1.4.1 Overview: Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Application: 2019 Versus 2023 Versus 2030
        1.4.2 Footwear and Apparel
        1.4.3 Transportation
        1.4.4 Industrial Manufacturing
        1.4.5 Medical
        1.4.6 Other
    1.5 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size & Forecast
        1.5.1 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
        1.5.2 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (2019-2030)
        1.5.3 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price (2019-2030)

2 Manufacturers Profiles
    2.1 Velcro
        2.1.1 Velcro Details
        2.1.2 Velcro Major Business
        2.1.3 Velcro Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.1.4 Velcro Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.1.5 Velcro Recent Developments/Updates
    2.2 3M
        2.2.1 3M Details
        2.2.2 3M Major Business
        2.2.3 3M Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.2.4 3M Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.2.5 3M Recent Developments/Updates
    2.3 APLIX
        2.3.1 APLIX Details
        2.3.2 APLIX Major Business
        2.3.3 APLIX Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.3.4 APLIX Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.3.5 APLIX Recent Developments/Updates
    2.4 Kuraray Group
        2.4.1 Kuraray Group Details
        2.4.2 Kuraray Group Major Business
        2.4.3 Kuraray Group Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.4.4 Kuraray Group Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.4.5 Kuraray Group Recent Developments/Updates
    2.5 YKK
        2.5.1 YKK Details
        2.5.2 YKK Major Business
        2.5.3 YKK Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.5.4 YKK Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.5.5 YKK Recent Developments/Updates
    2.6 Paiho
        2.6.1 Paiho Details
        2.6.2 Paiho Major Business
        2.6.3 Paiho Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.6.4 Paiho Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.6.5 Paiho Recent Developments/Updates
    2.7 Jianli
        2.7.1 Jianli Details
        2.7.2 Jianli Major Business
        2.7.3 Jianli Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.7.4 Jianli Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.7.5 Jianli Recent Developments/Updates
    2.8 Heyi
        2.8.1 Heyi Details
        2.8.2 Heyi Major Business
        2.8.3 Heyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.8.4 Heyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.8.5 Heyi Recent Developments/Updates
    2.9 Binder
        2.9.1 Binder Details
        2.9.2 Binder Major Business
        2.9.3 Binder Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.9.4 Binder Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.9.5 Binder Recent Developments/Updates
    2.10 Shingyi
        2.10.1 Shingyi Details
        2.10.2 Shingyi Major Business
        2.10.3 Shingyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.10.4 Shingyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.10.5 Shingyi Recent Developments/Updates
    2.11 Lovetex
        2.11.1 Lovetex Details
        2.11.2 Lovetex Major Business
        2.11.3 Lovetex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.11.4 Lovetex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.11.5 Lovetex Recent Developments/Updates
    2.12 Essentra Components
        2.12.1 Essentra Components Details
        2.12.2 Essentra Components Major Business
        2.12.3 Essentra Components Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.12.4 Essentra Components Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.12.5 Essentra Components Recent Developments/Updates
    2.13 HALCO
        2.13.1 HALCO Details
        2.13.2 HALCO Major Business
        2.13.3 HALCO Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.13.4 HALCO Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.13.5 HALCO Recent Developments/Updates
    2.14 Krahnen＆Gobbers
        2.14.1 Krahnen＆Gobbers Details
        2.14.2 Krahnen＆Gobbers Major Business
        2.14.3 Krahnen＆Gobbers Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.14.4 Krahnen＆Gobbers Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.14.5 Krahnen＆Gobbers Recent Developments/Updates
    2.15 Dunlap
        2.15.1 Dunlap Details
        2.15.2 Dunlap Major Business
        2.15.3 Dunlap Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.15.4 Dunlap Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.15.5 Dunlap Recent Developments/Updates
    2.16 DirecTex
        2.16.1 DirecTex Details
        2.16.2 DirecTex Major Business
        2.16.3 DirecTex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.16.4 DirecTex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.16.5 DirecTex Recent Developments/Updates
    2.17 Jieji
        2.17.1 Jieji Details
        2.17.2 Jieji Major Business
        2.17.3 Jieji Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.17.4 Jieji Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.17.5 Jieji Recent Developments/Updates
    2.18 ISHI-INDUSTRIES
        2.18.1 ISHI-INDUSTRIES Details
        2.18.2 ISHI-INDUSTRIES Major Business
        2.18.3 ISHI-INDUSTRIES Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.18.4 ISHI-INDUSTRIES Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.18.5 ISHI-INDUSTRIES Recent Developments/Updates
    2.19 Tesa
        2.19.1 Tesa Details
        2.19.2 Tesa Major Business
        2.19.3 Tesa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.19.4 Tesa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.19.5 Tesa Recent Developments/Updates
    2.20 Magic Fastners
        2.20.1 Magic Fastners Details
        2.20.2 Magic Fastners Major Business
        2.20.3 Magic Fastners Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.20.4 Magic Fastners Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.20.5 Magic Fastners Recent Developments/Updates
    2.21 Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd.
        2.21.1 Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Details
        2.21.2 Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Major Business
        2.21.3 Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
        2.21.4 Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        2.21.5 Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates

3 Competitive Environment: Textile Reclosable Fasteners by Manufacturer
    3.1 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2019-2024)
    3.2 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Revenue by Manufacturer (2019-2024)
    3.3 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Manufacturer (2019-2024)
    3.4 Market Share Analysis (2023)
        3.4.1 Producer Shipments of Textile Reclosable Fasteners by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2023
        3.4.2 Top 3 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Manufacturer Market Share in 2023
        3.4.2 Top 6 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Manufacturer Market Share in 2023
    3.5 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
        3.5.1 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market: Region Footprint
        3.5.2 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market: Company Product Type Footprint
        3.5.3 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market: Company Product Application Footprint
    3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
    3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations

4 Consumption Analysis by Region
    4.1 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size by Region
        4.1.1 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2019-2030)
        4.1.2 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2019-2030)
        4.1.3 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Region (2019-2030)
    4.2 North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    4.3 Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    4.4 Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    4.5 South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    4.6 Middle East and Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030)

5 Market Segment by Type
    5.1 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2030)
    5.2 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
    5.3 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Type (2019-2030)

6 Market Segment by Application
    6.1 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2030)
    6.2 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
    6.3 Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Application (2019-2030)

7 North America
    7.1 North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2030)
    7.2 North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2030)
    7.3 North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size by Country
        7.3.1 North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2030)
        7.3.2 North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
        7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)

8 Europe
    8.1 Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2030)
    8.2 Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2030)
    8.3 Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size by Country
        8.3.1 Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2030)
        8.3.2 Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
        8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)

9 Asia-Pacific
    9.1 Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2030)
    9.2 Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2030)
    9.3 Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size by Region
        9.3.1 Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2019-2030)
        9.3.2 Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2019-2030)
        9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)

10 South America
    10.1 South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2030)
    10.2 South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2030)
    10.3 South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size by Country
        10.3.1 South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2030)
        10.3.2 South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
        10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)

11 Middle East & Africa
    11.1 Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2030)
    11.2 Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2030)
    11.3 Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Size by Country
        11.3.1 Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2030)
        11.3.2 Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
        11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
        11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)

12 Market Dynamics
    12.1 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Drivers
    12.2 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Restraints
    12.3 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Trends Analysis
    12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
        12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
        12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
        12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
        12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
        12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry

13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
    13.1 Raw Material of Textile Reclosable Fasteners and Key Manufacturers
    13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of Textile Reclosable Fasteners
    13.3 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Production Process
    13.4 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Industrial Chain

14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
    14.1 Sales Channel
        14.1.1 Direct to End-User
        14.1.2 Distributors
    14.2 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Typical Distributors
    14.3 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Typical Customers

15 Research Findings and Conclusion

16 Appendix
    16.1 Methodology
    16.2 Research Process and Data Source
    16.3 Disclaimer

Table of Figures

List of Tables
    Table 1. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Table 2. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Table 3. Velcro Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 4. Velcro Major Business
    Table 5. Velcro Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 6. Velcro Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 7. Velcro Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 8. 3M Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 9. 3M Major Business
    Table 10. 3M Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 11. 3M Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 12. 3M Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 13. APLIX Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 14. APLIX Major Business
    Table 15. APLIX Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 16. APLIX Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 17. APLIX Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 18. Kuraray Group Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 19. Kuraray Group Major Business
    Table 20. Kuraray Group Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 21. Kuraray Group Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 22. Kuraray Group Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 23. YKK Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 24. YKK Major Business
    Table 25. YKK Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 26. YKK Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 27. YKK Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 28. Paiho Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 29. Paiho Major Business
    Table 30. Paiho Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 31. Paiho Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 32. Paiho Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 33. Jianli Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 34. Jianli Major Business
    Table 35. Jianli Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 36. Jianli Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 37. Jianli Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 38. Heyi Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 39. Heyi Major Business
    Table 40. Heyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 41. Heyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 42. Heyi Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 43. Binder Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 44. Binder Major Business
    Table 45. Binder Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 46. Binder Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 47. Binder Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 48. Shingyi Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 49. Shingyi Major Business
    Table 50. Shingyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 51. Shingyi Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 52. Shingyi Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 53. Lovetex Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 54. Lovetex Major Business
    Table 55. Lovetex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 56. Lovetex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 57. Lovetex Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 58. Essentra Components Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 59. Essentra Components Major Business
    Table 60. Essentra Components Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 61. Essentra Components Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 62. Essentra Components Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 63. HALCO Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 64. HALCO Major Business
    Table 65. HALCO Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 66. HALCO Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 67. HALCO Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 68. Krahnen＆Gobbers Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 69. Krahnen＆Gobbers Major Business
    Table 70. Krahnen＆Gobbers Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 71. Krahnen＆Gobbers Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 72. Krahnen＆Gobbers Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 73. Dunlap Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 74. Dunlap Major Business
    Table 75. Dunlap Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 76. Dunlap Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 77. Dunlap Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 78. DirecTex Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 79. DirecTex Major Business
    Table 80. DirecTex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 81. DirecTex Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 82. DirecTex Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 83. Jieji Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 84. Jieji Major Business
    Table 85. Jieji Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 86. Jieji Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 87. Jieji Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 88. ISHI-INDUSTRIES Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 89. ISHI-INDUSTRIES Major Business
    Table 90. ISHI-INDUSTRIES Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 91. ISHI-INDUSTRIES Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 92. ISHI-INDUSTRIES Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 93. Tesa Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 94. Tesa Major Business
    Table 95. Tesa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 96. Tesa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 97. Tesa Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 98. Magic Fastners Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 99. Magic Fastners Major Business
    Table 100. Magic Fastners Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 101. Magic Fastners Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 102. Magic Fastners Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 103. Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
    Table 104. Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Major Business
    Table 105. Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Product and Services
    Table 106. Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (Kiloton), Average Price (US$/Ton), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 107. Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd. Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 108. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 109. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Revenue by Manufacturer (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 110. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Manufacturer (2019-2024) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 111. Market Position of Manufacturers in Textile Reclosable Fasteners, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Consumption Value in 2023
    Table 112. Head Office and Textile Reclosable Fasteners Production Site of Key Manufacturer
    Table 113. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market: Company Product Type Footprint
    Table 114. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market: Company Product Application Footprint
    Table 115. Textile Reclosable Fasteners New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
    Table 116. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
    Table 117. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 118. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 119. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 120. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 121. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Region (2019-2024) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 122. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Region (2025-2030) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 123. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 124. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 125. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 126. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 127. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Type (2019-2024) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 128. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Type (2025-2030) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 129. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 130. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 131. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 132. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 133. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Application (2019-2024) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 134. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Application (2025-2030) & (US$/Ton)
    Table 135. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 136. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 137. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 138. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 139. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 140. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 141. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 142. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 143. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 144. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 145. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 146. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 147. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 148. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 149. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 150. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 151. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 152. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 153. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 154. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 155. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 156. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 157. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 158. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 159. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 160. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 161. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 162. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 163. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 164. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Country (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 165. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 166. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 167. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 168. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Type (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 169. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 170. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Application (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 171. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2019-2024) & (Kiloton)
    Table 172. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity by Region (2025-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Table 173. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 174. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 175. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Raw Material
    Table 176. Key Manufacturers of Textile Reclosable Fasteners Raw Materials
    Table 177. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Typical Distributors
    Table 178. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Typical Customers
List of Figures
    Figure 1. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Picture
    Figure 2. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Figure 3. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2023
    Figure 4. Zippers Examples
    Figure 5. Buttons Examples
    Figure 6. Snaps Examples
    Figure 7. Others Examples
    Figure 8. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Figure 9. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2023
    Figure 10. Footwear and Apparel Examples
    Figure 11. Transportation Examples
    Figure 12. Industrial Manufacturing Examples
    Figure 13. Medical Examples
    Figure 14. Other Examples
    Figure 15. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Figure 16. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Forecast (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 17. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity (2019-2030) & (Kiloton)
    Figure 18. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price (2019-2030) & (US$/Ton)
    Figure 19. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Manufacturer in 2023
    Figure 20. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Manufacturer in 2023
    Figure 21. Producer Shipments of Textile Reclosable Fasteners by Manufacturer Sales Quantity ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2023
    Figure 22. Top 3 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2023
    Figure 23. Top 6 Textile Reclosable Fasteners Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2023
    Figure 24. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 25. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 26. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 27. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 28. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 29. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 30. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 31. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 32. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 33. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Type (2019-2030) & (US$/Ton)
    Figure 34. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 35. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 36. Global Textile Reclosable Fasteners Average Price by Application (2019-2030) & (US$/Ton)
    Figure 37. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 38. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 39. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
    Figure 40. North America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
    Figure 41. United States Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 42. Canada Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 43. Mexico Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 44. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 45. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 46. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
    Figure 47. Europe Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
    Figure 48. Germany Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 49. France Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 50. United Kingdom Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 51. Russia Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 52. Italy Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 53. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 54. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 55. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 56. Asia-Pacific Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 57. China Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 58. Japan Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 59. Korea Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 60. India Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 61. Southeast Asia Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 62. Australia Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 63. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 64. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 65. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
    Figure 66. South America Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
    Figure 67. Brazil Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 68. Argentina Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 69. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 70. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
    Figure 71. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 72. Middle East & Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 73. Turkey Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 74. Egypt Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 75. Saudi Arabia Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 76. South Africa Textile Reclosable Fasteners Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 77. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Drivers
    Figure 78. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Restraints
    Figure 79. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Market Trends
    Figure 80. Porters Five Forces Analysis
    Figure 81. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Textile Reclosable Fasteners in 2023
    Figure 82. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Textile Reclosable Fasteners
    Figure 83. Textile Reclosable Fasteners Industrial Chain
    Figure 84. Sales Quantity Channel: Direct to End-User vs Distributors
    Figure 85. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
    Figure 86. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
    Figure 87. Methodology
    Figure 88. Research Process and Data Source

Companies Mentioned

Velcro
3M
APLIX
Kuraray Group
YKK
Paiho
Jianli
Heyi
Binder
Shingyi
Lovetex
Essentra Components
HALCO
Krahnen＆Gobbers
Dunlap
DirecTex
Jieji
ISHI-INDUSTRIES
Tesa
Magic Fastners
Siddharth Filaments Pvt. Ltd.