Global Forensic Technology Supply, Demand and Key Producers, 2024-2030

Description

The global Forensic Technology market size is expected to reach $ 3126.4 million by 2030, rising at a market growth of 5.5% CAGR during the forecast period (2024-2030).

Global Forensic Technology key players include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Agilent Technologies, Qiagen, Promega Corporation, Eurofins Scientific, etc. Global top five manufacturers hold a share nearly 55%.

North America is the largest market, with a share over 35%, followed by Europe and Asia-Pacific, both have a share about 55 percent. In terms of product, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is the largest segment, with a share about 40%. And in terms of application, the largest application is Judicial/Law Enforcement, followed by Biodefense & Biosurveillance, Pharmacogenetics, etc.

Forensic technology is a complete and important part of criminal justice procedures. It is an essential part of forensic science to investigate, analyze, compare, and research physical evidence of crimes. It emerged in the United States in the middle of the 20th century. Forensic scientists and laboratory researchers used advanced DNA detection technology to solve cases.

This report studies the global Forensic Technology demand, key companies, and key regions.

This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the world market for Forensic Technology, and provides market size (US$ million) and Year-over-Year (YoY) growth, considering 2023 as the base year. This report explores demand trends and competition, as well as details the characteristics of Forensic Technology that contribute to its increasing demand across many markets.

Highlights and key features of the study
Global Forensic Technology total market, 2019-2030, (USD Million)
Global Forensic Technology total market by region & country, CAGR, 2019-2030, (USD Million)
U.S. VS China: Forensic Technology total market, key domestic companies and share, (USD Million)
Global Forensic Technology revenue by player and market share 2019-2024, (USD Million)
Global Forensic Technology total market by Type, CAGR, 2019-2030, (USD Million)
Global Forensic Technology total market by Application, CAGR, 2019-2030, (USD Million).

This reports profiles major players in the global Forensic Technology market based on the following parameters – company overview, revenue, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments. Key companies covered as a part of this study include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Agilent Technologies, Qiagen, Promega Corporation, Eurofins Scientific, Neogen Corporation, NMS Labs, Sorenson Forensics and Forensic Fluids Laboratories, etc.

This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals.

Stakeholders would have ease in decision-making through various strategy matrices used in analyzing the World Forensic Technology market.

Detailed Segmentation:
Each section contains quantitative market data including market by value (US$ Millions), by player, by regions, by Type, and by Application. Data is given for the years 2019-2030 by year with 2023 as the base year, 2024 as the estimate year, and 2025-2030 as the forecast year.

Global Forensic Technology Market, By Region:
    United States
    China
    Europe
    Japan
    South Korea
    ASEAN
    India
    Rest of World

Global Forensic Technology Market, Segmentation by Type
    Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
    Capillary Electrophoresis
    Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)
    Rapid DNA Analysis
    Automated Liquid Handling Technology
    Microarrays
    Others

Global Forensic Technology Market, Segmentation by Application
    Pharmacogenetics
    Biodefense & Biosurveillance
    Judicial and Law Enforcement
    Others

Companies Profiled:
    Thermo Fisher Scientific
    Agilent Technologies
    Qiagen
    Promega Corporation
    Eurofins Scientific
    Neogen Corporation
    NMS Labs
    Sorenson Forensics
    Forensic Fluids Laboratories

Key Questions Answered
1. How big is the global Forensic Technology market?
2. What is the demand of the global Forensic Technology market?
3. What is the year over year growth of the global Forensic Technology market?
4. What is the total value of the global Forensic Technology market?
5. Who are the major players in the global Forensic Technology market?

Table of Contents

1 Supply Summary
    1.1 Forensic Technology Introduction
    1.2 World Forensic Technology Market Size & Forecast (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
    1.3 World Forensic Technology Total Market by Region (by Headquarter Location)
        1.3.1 World Forensic Technology Market Size by Region (2019-2030), (by Headquarter Location)
        1.3.2 United States Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
        1.3.3 China Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
        1.3.4 Europe Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
        1.3.5 Japan Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
        1.3.6 South Korea Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
        1.3.7 ASEAN Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
        1.3.8 India Forensic Technology Market Size (2019-2030)
    1.4 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
        1.4.1 Forensic Technology Market Drivers
        1.4.2 Factors Affecting Demand
        1.4.3 Forensic Technology Major Market Trends

2 Demand Summary
    2.1 World Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.2 World Forensic Technology Consumption Value by Region
        2.2.1 World Forensic Technology Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024)
        2.2.2 World Forensic Technology Consumption Value Forecast by Region (2025-2030)
    2.3 United States Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.4 China Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.5 Europe Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.6 Japan Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.7 South Korea Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.8 ASEAN Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)
    2.9 India Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030)

3 World Forensic Technology Companies Competitive Analysis
    3.1 World Forensic Technology Revenue by Player (2019-2024)
    3.2 Industry Rank and Concentration Rate (CR)
        3.2.1 Global Forensic Technology Industry Rank of Major Players
        3.2.2 Global Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Forensic Technology in 2023
        3.2.3 Global Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Forensic Technology in 2023
    3.3 Forensic Technology Company Evaluation Quadrant
    3.4 Forensic Technology Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
        3.4.1 Forensic Technology Market: Region Footprint
        3.4.2 Forensic Technology Market: Company Product Type Footprint
        3.4.3 Forensic Technology Market: Company Product Application Footprint
    3.5 Competitive Environment
        3.5.1 Historical Structure of the Industry
        3.5.2 Barriers of Market Entry
        3.5.3 Factors of Competition
    3.6 Mergers, Acquisitions Activity

4 United States VS China VS Rest of the World (by Headquarter Location)
    4.1 United States VS China: Forensic Technology Revenue Comparison (by Headquarter Location)
        4.1.1 United States VS China: Forensic Technology Market Size Comparison (2019 & 2023 & 2030) (by Headquarter Location)
        4.1.2 United States VS China: Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share Comparison (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
    4.2 United States Based Companies VS China Based Companies: Forensic Technology Consumption Value Comparison
        4.2.1 United States VS China: Forensic Technology Consumption Value Comparison (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
        4.2.2 United States VS China: Forensic Technology Consumption Value Market Share Comparison (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
    4.3 United States Based Forensic Technology Companies and Market Share, 2019-2024
        4.3.1 United States Based Forensic Technology Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
        4.3.2 United States Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue, (2019-2024)
    4.4 China Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue and Market Share, 2019-2024
        4.4.1 China Based Forensic Technology Companies, Company Headquarters (Province, Country)
        4.4.2 China Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue, (2019-2024)
    4.5 Rest of World Based Forensic Technology Companies and Market Share, 2019-2024
        4.5.1 Rest of World Based Forensic Technology Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
        4.5.2 Rest of World Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue, (2019-2024)

5 Market Analysis by Type
    5.1 World Forensic Technology Market Size Overview by Type: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    5.2 Segment Introduction by Type
        5.2.1 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
        5.2.2 Capillary Electrophoresis
        5.2.3 Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)
        5.2.4 Rapid DNA Analysis
        5.2.5 Automated Liquid Handling Technology
        5.2.6 Microarrays
        5.2.7 Others
    5.3 Market Segment by Type
        5.3.1 World Forensic Technology Market Size by Type (2019-2024)
        5.3.2 World Forensic Technology Market Size by Type (2025-2030)
        5.3.3 World Forensic Technology Market Size Market Share by Type (2019-2030)

6 Market Analysis by Application
    6.1 World Forensic Technology Market Size Overview by Application: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
    6.2 Segment Introduction by Application
        6.2.1 Pharmacogenetics
        6.2.2 Biodefense & Biosurveillance
        6.2.3 Judicial and Law Enforcement
        6.2.4 Others
        6.2.5 Others
    6.3 Market Segment by Application
        6.3.1 World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application (2019-2024)
        6.3.2 World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application (2025-2030)
        6.3.3 World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application (2019-2030)

7 Company Profiles
    7.1 Thermo Fisher Scientific
        7.1.1 Thermo Fisher Scientific Details
        7.1.2 Thermo Fisher Scientific Major Business
        7.1.3 Thermo Fisher Scientific Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.1.4 Thermo Fisher Scientific Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.1.5 Thermo Fisher Scientific Recent Developments/Updates
        7.1.6 Thermo Fisher Scientific Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.2 Agilent Technologies
        7.2.1 Agilent Technologies Details
        7.2.2 Agilent Technologies Major Business
        7.2.3 Agilent Technologies Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.2.4 Agilent Technologies Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.2.5 Agilent Technologies Recent Developments/Updates
        7.2.6 Agilent Technologies Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.3 Qiagen
        7.3.1 Qiagen Details
        7.3.2 Qiagen Major Business
        7.3.3 Qiagen Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.3.4 Qiagen Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.3.5 Qiagen Recent Developments/Updates
        7.3.6 Qiagen Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.4 Promega Corporation
        7.4.1 Promega Corporation Details
        7.4.2 Promega Corporation Major Business
        7.4.3 Promega Corporation Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.4.4 Promega Corporation Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.4.5 Promega Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
        7.4.6 Promega Corporation Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.5 Eurofins Scientific
        7.5.1 Eurofins Scientific Details
        7.5.2 Eurofins Scientific Major Business
        7.5.3 Eurofins Scientific Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.5.4 Eurofins Scientific Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.5.5 Eurofins Scientific Recent Developments/Updates
        7.5.6 Eurofins Scientific Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.6 Neogen Corporation
        7.6.1 Neogen Corporation Details
        7.6.2 Neogen Corporation Major Business
        7.6.3 Neogen Corporation Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.6.4 Neogen Corporation Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.6.5 Neogen Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
        7.6.6 Neogen Corporation Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.7 NMS Labs
        7.7.1 NMS Labs Details
        7.7.2 NMS Labs Major Business
        7.7.3 NMS Labs Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.7.4 NMS Labs Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.7.5 NMS Labs Recent Developments/Updates
        7.7.6 NMS Labs Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.8 Sorenson Forensics
        7.8.1 Sorenson Forensics Details
        7.8.2 Sorenson Forensics Major Business
        7.8.3 Sorenson Forensics Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.8.4 Sorenson Forensics Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.8.5 Sorenson Forensics Recent Developments/Updates
        7.8.6 Sorenson Forensics Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    7.9 Forensic Fluids Laboratories
        7.9.1 Forensic Fluids Laboratories Details
        7.9.2 Forensic Fluids Laboratories Major Business
        7.9.3 Forensic Fluids Laboratories Forensic Technology Product and Services
        7.9.4 Forensic Fluids Laboratories Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
        7.9.5 Forensic Fluids Laboratories Recent Developments/Updates
        7.9.6 Forensic Fluids Laboratories Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses

8 Industry Chain Analysis
    8.1 Forensic Technology Industry Chain
    8.2 Forensic Technology Upstream Analysis
    8.3 Forensic Technology Midstream Analysis
    8.4 Forensic Technology Downstream Analysis

9 Research Findings and Conclusion

10 Appendix
    10.1 Methodology
    10.2 Research Process and Data Source
    10.3 Disclaimer

Table of Figures

List of Tables
    Table 1. World Forensic Technology Revenue by Region (2019, 2023 and 2030) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
    Table 2. World Forensic Technology Revenue by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
    Table 3. World Forensic Technology Revenue by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
    Table 4. World Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2024), (by Headquarter Location)
    Table 5. World Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share by Region (2025-2030), (by Headquarter Location)
    Table 6. Major Market Trends
    Table 7. World Forensic Technology Consumption Value Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2019 & 2023 & 2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 8. World Forensic Technology Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 9. World Forensic Technology Consumption Value Forecast by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 10. World Forensic Technology Revenue by Player (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 11. Revenue Market Share of Key Forensic Technology Players in 2023
    Table 12. World Forensic Technology Industry Rank of Major Player, Based on Revenue in 2023
    Table 13. Global Forensic Technology Company Evaluation Quadrant
    Table 14. Head Office of Key Forensic Technology Player
    Table 15. Forensic Technology Market: Company Product Type Footprint
    Table 16. Forensic Technology Market: Company Product Application Footprint
    Table 17. Forensic Technology Mergers & Acquisitions Activity
    Table 18. United States VS China Forensic Technology Market Size Comparison, (2019 & 2023 & 2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 19. United States VS China Forensic Technology Consumption Value Comparison, (2019 & 2023 & 2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 20. United States Based Forensic Technology Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
    Table 21. United States Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue, (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 22. United States Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 23. China Based Forensic Technology Companies, Headquarters (Province, Country)
    Table 24. China Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue, (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 25. China Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 26. Rest of World Based Forensic Technology Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
    Table 27. Rest of World Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue, (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 28. Rest of World Based Companies Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share (2019-2024)
    Table 29. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Table 30. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 31. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 32. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Table 33. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 34. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
    Table 35. Thermo Fisher Scientific Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 36. Thermo Fisher Scientific Major Business
    Table 37. Thermo Fisher Scientific Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 38. Thermo Fisher Scientific Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 39. Thermo Fisher Scientific Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 40. Thermo Fisher Scientific Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 41. Agilent Technologies Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 42. Agilent Technologies Major Business
    Table 43. Agilent Technologies Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 44. Agilent Technologies Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 45. Agilent Technologies Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 46. Agilent Technologies Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 47. Qiagen Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 48. Qiagen Major Business
    Table 49. Qiagen Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 50. Qiagen Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 51. Qiagen Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 52. Qiagen Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 53. Promega Corporation Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 54. Promega Corporation Major Business
    Table 55. Promega Corporation Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 56. Promega Corporation Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 57. Promega Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 58. Promega Corporation Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 59. Eurofins Scientific Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 60. Eurofins Scientific Major Business
    Table 61. Eurofins Scientific Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 62. Eurofins Scientific Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 63. Eurofins Scientific Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 64. Eurofins Scientific Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 65. Neogen Corporation Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 66. Neogen Corporation Major Business
    Table 67. Neogen Corporation Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 68. Neogen Corporation Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 69. Neogen Corporation Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 70. Neogen Corporation Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 71. NMS Labs Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 72. NMS Labs Major Business
    Table 73. NMS Labs Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 74. NMS Labs Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 75. NMS Labs Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 76. NMS Labs Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
    Table 77. Sorenson Forensics Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 78. Sorenson Forensics Major Business
    Table 79. Sorenson Forensics Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 80. Sorenson Forensics Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 81. Sorenson Forensics Recent Developments/Updates
    Table 82. Forensic Fluids Laboratories Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
    Table 83. Forensic Fluids Laboratories Major Business
    Table 84. Forensic Fluids Laboratories Forensic Technology Product and Services
    Table 85. Forensic Fluids Laboratories Forensic Technology Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
    Table 86. Global Key Players of Forensic Technology Upstream (Raw Materials)
    Table 87. Forensic Technology Typical Customers
List of Figure
    Figure 1. Forensic Technology Picture
    Figure 2. World Forensic Technology Total Market Size: 2019 & 2023 & 2030, (USD Million)
    Figure 3. World Forensic Technology Total Market Size (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 4. World Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share by Region (2019, 2023 and 2030) & (USD Million) , (by Headquarter Location)
    Figure 5. World Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share by Region (2019-2030), (by Headquarter Location)
    Figure 6. United States Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 7. China Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 8. Europe Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 9. Japan Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 10. South Korea Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 11. ASEAN Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 12. India Based Company Forensic Technology Revenue (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 13. Forensic Technology Market Drivers
    Figure 14. Factors Affecting Demand
    Figure 15. World Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 16. World Forensic Technology Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
    Figure 17. United States Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 18. China Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 19. Europe Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 20. Japan Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 21. South Korea Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 22. ASEAN Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 23. India Forensic Technology Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
    Figure 24. Producer Shipments of Forensic Technology by Player Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2023
    Figure 25. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Forensic Technology Markets in 2023
    Figure 26. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Forensic Technology Markets in 2023
    Figure 27. United States VS China: Forensic Technology Revenue Market Share Comparison (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
    Figure 28. United States VS China: Forensic Technology Consumption Value Market Share Comparison (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
    Figure 29. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Figure 30. World Forensic Technology Market Size Market Share by Type in 2023
    Figure 31. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
    Figure 32. Capillary Electrophoresis
    Figure 33. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)
    Figure 34. Rapid DNA Analysis
    Figure 35. Automated Liquid Handling Technology
    Figure 36. Microarrays
    Figure 37. Others
    Figure 38. World Forensic Technology Market Size Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
    Figure 39. World Forensic Technology Market Size by Application, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
    Figure 40. World Forensic Technology Market Size Market Share by Application in 2023
    Figure 41. Pharmacogenetics
    Figure 42. Biodefense & Biosurveillance
    Figure 43. Judicial and Law Enforcement
    Figure 44. Others
    Figure 45. Forensic Technology Industrial Chain
    Figure 46. Methodology
    Figure 47. Research Process and Data Source

Companies Mentioned

Thermo Fisher Scientific
Agilent Technologies
Qiagen
Promega Corporation
Eurofins Scientific
Neogen Corporation
NMS Labs
Sorenson Forensics
Forensic Fluids Laboratories